Netherlands CPI inflation, 2022-2025: CBS vs IMF WEO gap up to 1.6pp in 2022, narrows to 0.1-0.3pp by 2024-25

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Netherlands CPI inflation (annual % change), 2022-2025: CBS (national statistics office) vs IMF
World Economic Outlook.

**CBS Netherlands** — table `83131NED`, dimension `Bestedingscategorieen` = all-items total
(key `T001112` + two trailing spaces, see the CBS access-shape source), field
`JaarmutatieCPI_5` ("year mutation of CPI", the published annual inflation rate):
retrieved `GET https://opendata.cbs.nl/ODataApi/odata/83131NED/TypedDataSet?$filter=Bestedingscategorieen%20eq%20%27T001112%20%20%27`
on 2026-10-29T03:51Z.
- 2022: 10.0%
- 2023: 3.8%
- 2024: 3.3%
- 2025: 3.3% (full year)

**IMF WEO** — indicator `PCPIPCH` ("Inflation rate, average consumer prices"), country `NLD`:
retrieved `GET https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1/PCPIPCH/NLD` on
2026-10-29T03:48Z, filtered client-side to NLD from the full 228-country payload (see the
IMF/OWID filter-ignore source).
- 2022: 11.6%
- 2023: 4.1%
- 2024: 3.2%
- 2025: 3.0%

**Gap:** 2022: 1.6pp (CBS lower, 16% relative); 2023: 0.3pp; 2024: 0.1pp (sign flips, IMF now
lower); 2025: 0.3pp. The gap is largest in the high-inflation year (2022) and shrinks toward near
-agreement in the calmer years that followed.

**Definitional reason:** IMF's own indicator metadata (`GET /api/v1/indicators` →
`indicators.PCPIPCH`) documents the source as `"World Economic Outlook (October 2026)"`,
`"dataset": "WEO"` — a twice-yearly vintage round, not a live pull of the national CPI release.
CBS's figure is the direct national-office year-on-year outturn. Neither source's metadata states
the exact expected size of the resulting gap, so beyond "WEO vintage vs. live national figure"
(IMF's own documented characterization), no further documented reason was found for the specific
1.6pp 2022 gap.

How observed: 2026-10-29T03:48Z-03:51Z, GET curl against opendata.cbs.nl and www.imf.org.
observed_at: 2026-10-29T03:51:00Z

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